Linking transcriptomic and imaging data defines features of a favorable tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and identifies a combination biomarker for primary melanoma
Patients with resected stage II-III melanoma have approximately a 35% chance of death from their disease. A deeper understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is required to stratify patients and identify factors leading to therapy resistance. We previously identified that the melanoma immune profile (MIP), an IFN-based gene signature, and the ratio of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to CD68+ macrophages both predict disease-specific survival (DSS). Here, we compared primary with metastatic tumors and found that the nuclei of tumor cells were significantly larger in metastases. The CTL/macrophage ratio was significantly different between primary tumors without distant metastatic recurrence (DMR) and metastases. Patients without DMR had higher degrees of clustering between tumor cells and CTLs, and between tumor cells and HLA-DR+ macrophages, but not HLA-DR- macrophages. The HLA-DR- subset coexpressed CD163+CSF1R+ at higher levels than CD68+HLA-DR+ macrophages, consistent with an M2 phenotype. Finally, combined transcriptomic and multiplex data revealed that densities of CD8 and M1 macrophages correlated with their respective cell phenotype signatures. Combination of the MIP signature with the CTL/macrophage ratio stratified patients into three risk groups that were predictive of DSS, highlighting the potential use of combination biomarkers for adjuvant therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings provide a deeper understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment by combining multiple modalities to stratify patients into risk groups, a critical step to improving the management of patients with melanoma.
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组织水平:空间多组学、多重荧光免疫组化、免疫组化、免疫荧光
数据分析:流式数据分析、组化数据分析、多因子数据分析
基因水平:PCR Array、RT-PCR、PCR、单细胞测序
蛋白水平:MSD、Luminex、CBA、Elispot、Antibody Array、ELISA、Sengenics
细胞水平:细胞染色、细胞分选、细胞培养、细胞功能
组织水平:空间多组学、多重荧光免疫组化、免疫组化、免疫荧光
数据分析:流式数据分析、组化数据分析、多因子数据分析
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