The Restorative Effect of Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells on Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition within the neural system which is clinically manifested by sensory-motor dysfunction, leading, in some cases, to neural paralysis for the rest of the patient's life. In the current study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from the human amniotic fluid, in order to study their juxtacrine and paracrine activities. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to identify the MSCs. A conditioned medium (CM) was collected to measure the level of BDNF, IL-1β, and IL-6 proteins using the ELISA assay. Following the SCI induction, MSCs and CM were injected into the lesion site, and also CM was infused intraperitoneally in the different groups. Two weeks after SCI induction, the spinal cord samples were examined to evaluate the expression of the doublecortin (DCX) and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) markers using immunofluorescence staining. The MSCs' phenotype was confirmed upon the expression and un-expression of the related CD markers. Our results show that MSCs increased the expression level of the DCX and decreased the level of the GFAP relative to the injury group (p < 0.001). Additionally, the CM promoted the DCX expression rate (p < 0.001) and decreased the GFAP expression rate (p < 0.01) as compared with the injury group. Noteworthily, the restorative potential of the MSCs was higher than that of the CM (p < 0.01). Large-scale meta-analysis of transcriptomic data highlighted PAK5, ST8SIA3, and NRXN1 as positively coexpressed genes with DCX. These genes are involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Overall, our data revealed that both therapeutic interventions could promote the regeneration and restoration of the damaged neural tissue by increasing the rate of neuroblasts and decreasing the astrocytes.Keywords: conditioned medium spinal cord injury; human amniotic fluid; mesenchymal stem cells; neural regeneration; transplantation.
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基因水平:PCR Array、RT-PCR、PCR、单细胞测序
蛋白水平:MSD、Luminex、CBA、Elispot、Antibody Array、ELISA、Sengenics
细胞水平:细胞染色、细胞分选、细胞培养、细胞功能
组织水平:空间多组学、多重荧光免疫组化、免疫组化、免疫荧光
数据分析:流式数据分析、组化数据分析、多因子数据分析
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