Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) affects the outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC cells released exosomes to suppress the antitumor activity of TAMs. MiR-146a is a critical regulator in TAM polarization. We hypothesized that NSCLC cells released exosomal miR-146a to regulate TAM polarization and thus affected its antitumor activity. Methods: We used H1299 cells-derived exosomes to stimulate THP-1 cells that was pretreated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (M0 macrophage). Flow cytometry and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to determine the polarization of macrophages. The conditioned medium of exosome-treated M0 cells was used to culture H1299 cells, and the Cell Counting Kit-8, Ki67, transwell and scratch wound assays were used to determine the biological behavior of H1299 cells. To investigate whether exosomal miR-146a regulates TAM macrophages through targeting tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF-6) and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK-1), we used small interfering RNA to knockdown the expressions of them. Results: Upregulation of miR-146a inhibited M1 polarization and thus impaired the antitumor activity of TAMs. Exosomes released by H1299 cells can be taken by M0 macrophage, and they upregulated the expression of miR-146a in M0 macrophage. The exosome suppresses M1 polarization by exosomal miR-146a. TRAF-6 and IRAK-1 mediated the inhibitive effects of exosomal miR-146a on M1 polarization. Conclusions: NSCLC cells released exosomal miR-146a to inhibit the expressions of TRAF-6 and IRAK-1 in TAMs, resulting in the impaired antitumor activity of TAMs. NSCLC cell-derived exosomal miR-146a represents a novel therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.Keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); exosome; macrophage; miR-146a.

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乐备实（上海优宁维生物科技股份有限公司旗下全资子公司），是国内专注于提供高质量蛋白检测以及组学分析服务的实验服务专家，自2018年成立以来，乐备实不断寻求突破，公司的服务技术平台已扩展到单细胞测序、空间多组学、流式检测、超敏电化学发光、Luminex多因子检测、抗体芯片、PCR Array、ELISA、Elispot、PLA蛋白互作、多色免疫组化、DSP空间多组学等30多个，建立起了一套涵盖基因、蛋白、细胞以及组织水平实验的完整检测体系。

 
我们可提供从样本运输、储存管理、样本制备、样本检测到检测数据分析的全流程服务。凭借严格的实验室管理流程、标准化实验室操作、原始数据储存体系以及实验项目管理系统，已经为超过3000家客户单位提供服务，年检测样本超过100万，受到了广大客户的信任与支持。