Parental haplotype-specific single-cell transcriptomics reveal incomplete epigenetic reprogramming in human female germ cells

single cell sequencing;SNS;单细胞测序;单细胞多组学
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Ábel Vértesy, Wibowo Arindrarto, Matthias S Roost, Björn Reinius, Vanessa Torrens-Juaneda, Monika Bialecka, Ioannis Moustakas, Yavuz Ariyurek, Ewart Kuijk, Hailiang Mei, Rickard Sandberg, Alexander van Oudenaarden, Susana M Chuva de Sousa Lopes

  • Nat Commun
  • 2018
  • 17.694
  • 9(1):1873.
  • Human
  • 单细胞测序
  • ovary
  • 技术分享
  • 147
  • GSE79280

Abstract

In contrast to mouse, human female germ cells develop asynchronously. Germ cells transition to meiosis, erase genomic imprints, and reactivate the X chromosome. It is unknown if these events all appear asynchronously, and how they relate to each other. Here we combine exome sequencing of human fetal and maternal tissues with single-cell RNA-sequencing of five donors. We reconstruct full parental haplotypes and quantify changes in parental allele-specific expression, genome-wide. First we distinguish primordial germ cells (PGC), pre-meiotic, and meiotic transcriptional stages. Next we demonstrate that germ cells from various stages monoallelically express imprinted genes and confirm this by methylation patterns. Finally, we show that roughly 30% of the PGCs are still reactivating their inactive X chromosome and that this is related to transcriptional stage rather than fetal age. Altogether, we uncover the complexity and cell-to-cell heterogeneity of transcriptional and epigenetic remodeling in female human germ cells.
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