Modulating Lipoprotein Transcellular Transport and Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation in ApoE-/- Mice via Nanoformulated Lipid-Methotrexate Conjugates
atherosclerosi; foam cell; inflammatio; low-density lipoprotein transpor; nanomedicine;生物材料;药物治疗- ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
- 10.383
- 12(34):37943-37956.
- Mouse
- Luminex
- 生物标志物
- Eotaxin/CCL11,G-CSF,GM-CSF,IFN-γ,IL-10,IL-12(p40),IL-12(p70),IL-13,IL-17A,IL-1α,IL-1β,IL-2,IL-3,IL-4,IL-5,IL-6,IL-9,GRO-α (Gro-a/KC/CXCL1),MCP-1/CCL2,MIP-1α/CCL3,MIP-1β,RANTES,TNF-α
相关货号
LXLBM23-1
Abstract
Macrophage inflammation and maturation into foam cells, following the engulfment of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL), are major hallmarks in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. Yet, chronic treatments with anti-inflammatory agents, such as methotrexate (MTX), failed to modulate disease progression, possibly for the limited drug bioavailability and plaque deposition. Here, MTX-lipid conjugates, based on 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE), were integrated in the structure of spherical polymeric nanoparticles (MTX-SPNs) or intercalated in the lipid bilayer of liposomes (MTX-LIP). Although, both nanoparticles were colloidally stable with an average diameter of ∼200 nm, MTX-LIP exhibited a higher encapsulation efficiency (>70%) and slower release rate (∼50% at 10 h) compared to MTX-SPN. In primary bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs), MTX-LIP modulated the transcellular transport of oxLDL more efficiently than free MTX mostly by inducing a 2-fold overexpression of ABCA1 (regulating oxLDL efflux), while the effect on CD36 and SRA-1 (regulating oxLDL influx) was minimal. Furthermore, in BMDMs, MTX-LIP showed a stronger anti-inflammatory activity than free MTX, reducing the expression of IL-1β by 3-fold, IL-6 by 2-fold, and also moderately of TNF-α. In 28 days high-fat-diet-fed apoE-/- mice, MTX-LIP reduced the mean plaque area by 2-fold and the hematic amounts of RANTES by half as compared to free MTX. These results would suggest that the nanoenhanced delivery to vascular plaques of the anti-inflammatory DSPE-MTX conjugate could effectively modulate the disease progression by halting monocytes' maturation and recruitment already at the onset of atherosclerosis. Keywords: atherosclerosis; foam cells; inflammation; low-density lipoprotein transport; nanomedicine.
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